Complementarity of Wind Solar Energy Resources †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Complementarity of Wind Solar Energy Resources. Answer: Introduction Managing and regulating the energy resources is crucial for every country to protect the natural resources. However, in the developing country if energy emission is high it affects the economic growth as well as the environmental sustainability. For this reason, it is important for every country to manage the energy resources in a proper way (Adalet et al. 2017). In the recent years, energy management is a big challenge for the developing country. OECD includes 35 countries one of the most important is UK. The main of OECD is to improve the economic and social well being of the individuals in the world. OECD offers a forum where the government of each country makes a collaborative work with the stakeholders and share the experience with the people regarding the energy management (Busemeyer and Garritzmann 2017). On the other hand, INDCs or Intended Nationally Determined Contributions refers to a term categorized under UNFCC. The purpose of INDCs is to reduce the green house gas and t o keep the global warming below 2C. In order to conserve the energy resources, it is important to forecast the climate change. This study deals with the INDCs policy, stakeholder analysis of UK and factors affecting the availability of the energy resources in this country. OECD includes 35 countries in the worldwide. However, the purpose of OECD is to bring economic and social development in such countries. UK is one of the crucial members of such country. Energy conservation is crucial to bring economic development in a country. UK stakeholder refers to the government of UK, industries of UK and the employees of UK (Benjamin 2017). However, stakeholder analysis is associated with the rules and regulation of INDCs. The major policy of INDCs is the climatic control by managing the energy sources in a country. However, it is crucial for a country to manage the energy resources to facilitate the economic growth of the country. Various countries are associated with the international climate agreement categorized under UNFCC or U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 21). This agreement has been established in Paris in the year 2015. In this agreement, the countries have made an outline about the steps based on which they will bring a climatic change in post-2020 (Wri.org. 2017). Such new agreement is termed as INDCs or Intended Nationally Determined Contributions. According to this Paris agreement, the countries need to increase the awareness about the emergence of the global temperature. On the other hand, global temperature should be below 2C at the second half of this century (Dai et al. 2017). UK is associated with the Paris agreement to control the climate change. However, UK government has taken a vital initiative to comply with the terms and condition of this agreement. According to this agreement, the parties those are involved in INDCs need to develop strategies by 2020 to reduce the greenhouse gas emission and to publish mid-century (Wri.org. 2017). For this reason, UK government needs to incorporate energy efficient strategy to get control over the climate change by 2020. However, the industries especially the oil and gas industries need to involve in the reduction of carbon emission. The UK government needs to engage the business owners of UK to take initiative to conserve the energy by limited using of natural resources. It is important to conserve the natural resources and use renewable resources besides reducing the carbon dioxide gas emission. Apart from the government and the industrialists, employees of the oil and gas sectors need to comply with the rules of INDCs while working (Busemeyer and Garritzmann 2017). Temperature control is associated with the zero gas emission and energy conservation (Wri.org. 2017). It is important for the UK stakeholders like government, business industries, employees, and citizens to give the effort to conserve various energy sources like solar energy, water energy, and wind energy. The stakeholders require limited use of such energy resources to keep the temperature under control. The citizens and the business industries should support the UK government and need to comply with the government rules. This will enable UK government to keep the global temperature below 2C by 2020, which ensures the fulfillment of INDCs rule (Theccc.org.uk 2017). In order to limit the climate change, zero emission of gas is required for UK. In order to control the climate change, UK should develop a robust plan to meet the legislated carbon budget in UK. On the other hand, measurement of the effectiveness of policies and deliverable of the policies require proper arrangement. Howe ver, if the UK government measures the policy properly then emission can be reduced. This will be effective for the UK government to meet the aim of Paris agreement. Apart from this as the prime stakeholder of UK, the government needs to adopt a strategy to reduce the green house gas emission from agricultural and aviation industry by utilizing modern technology. Factors affecting availability and management of the energy resources Supply is the big factor that is associated with the availability of the energy resources. However, if the supply chain is not perfect then it is difficult for the energy market to increase the availability of the energy resources (Schwartz et al. 2017). It is important for a country to improve the structure of the supply chain management for the energy resources. Stakeholders as suppliers need to manage the logistic to increase the supply of the energy resources. Based on the management of the supply chain the availability of the energy resources can be determined. If the supply chain is poor then the energy cannot be reached to the consumer domain. Demand is another factor that influences the availability of the energy resources. However, based on the current market demand the availability of the energy resources can be measured. If there is a high demand in the market then more availability of the energy resources is required. On the other hand, if there is less demand for the ene rgy then availability will be less. As for example, in UK there is a high demand for the natural resources as a result, more energy from natural resources like solar energy, wind energy is required (Omer 2017). Transportation is another factor that affects the availability and management of the energy resources. However, there are various constraints in the gas supply pipeline and capacity of electrical transmission. Hence, if the transportation of energy cannot be managed then it will be difficult for the country to manage the energy resources properly. On the other hand, availability of the energy resources is based on the geographical factors. Natural resources of energy like coal, gas, petroleum are not available in all countries. In some countries, these are available in a huge amount and in some areas; there is less availability of such resources. As for example, in UK 60% of the energy comes from abroad. Russia exports coal and Norway exports gas in UK (goodenergy.co.uk 2017) . UK depends on the imported energy resources to supply energy throughout the country. Therefore, UK includes renewable energy sources. Hence, home-grown fuels are the good source that provides half of the energy in UK energy market. However, the above factors influence the UK energy market as well as the availability of the energy resources. It has been important for a country, to conserve their energy resources and make them available to the consumer. Impact of the factors on rising energy demand In UK the energy demand is high due to the growing population and the economic stability. In order to meet the demand of the energy, it is important for the suppliers to reframe the supply management process of energy. Supply and demand are related to each other (Majumder et al. 2017). However, if the demand is high then supply chain should be strong by making the energy resources available in the market. In UK, maximum energy is generated from the outside of the country. Foreign countries are the major contributors of the energy resources. The coal and gas are imported into UK. However, as maximum energy in UK comes from the foreign countries thus, the supplier has a big role in UK energy market. They need to communicate with the foreign countries and to increase the availability of the energy resources. On the other hand, if there is the low supply of the energy in the UK market then it is difficult for the country to cope with the rising energy demand of the country (Zheng et al. 2017). On the other hand, transportation of the energy is crucial. However, it is crucial for the UK energy sectors to maintain the gas pipeline and electricity transmission to meet the demand of the rising energy. Development of the energy transmission infrastructure is essential to meet the demand of the market. On the other hand, the geographical factor that highlights on the different locations of a country is associated with the management and availability of the energy resources. The energy suppliers of the UK need to identify the regions where the coal and gas are available. However, if in a location of UK the energy demand is high and the geographic region of this area is not enriched with coal and gas then energy scarcity can occur (Miglietta et al. 2017). Allocation of the energy resources refers to the allocation of oil and gas that is associated with hydrocarbon accounting. In the context of the petroleum management process, the ownership of the extracted hydrocarbon is identified (Soares et al. 2017). Hydrocarbon accounting is associated with the inventory control, transportation practice and material balance. However, during the high energy demand, the energy allocation needs a spontaneous method. Rising energy demand gives an opportunity to the investor to invest more in the energy allocation system. This often leads the investors to contribute more to the energy supply in order to meet the rising demand. During the high energy demand, the energy cost will be increased and the energy will be allocated against the high price in the consumer domain. On the other hand, during the low demand of the energy, the allocation cost is low. Technological advancement Energy management can be done with the help of advanced technology. However, the advanced technology is associated with the building management, manufacturing process, and automatic control system. However, building automation system, distributed control system, and building energy management system are the major technological systems of energy management (Soares et al. 2017). Energy management system technology includes the measurement of the energy inputs from different metering devices. Control of the output devices is another part of the energy management system. On the other hand, use of a separate controller for each system is helpful to manage the energy. However, the communication network is associated with input, output and control method. Control based on the multiple inputs refers to the sensor, data of external system and time of the day. With help of advanced technology, one can measure the log value of the inputs regarding the data of energy meter. On the other hand, th e report of energy consumption can be analyzed with the help of modern technology (Kupzog et al. 2017). Energy producing countries refer to the oil and gas producing countries. However, the poverty rate is high in the oil exporter countries (Buxton 2017). On the other hand, poor healthcare, poor educational performance, and child mortality are very common in the oil exporter country. In order to reduce such social and economic consequences oil exporter countries export energy to other countries. Export of oil enables these countries to increase the employment rate and improve the infrastructure. Per capita income increases by exporting oil in such countries. As for example, in North America and Middle East soared high revenue is generated by exporting energy. The disparity between the oil wealth and poverty is notable in Nigeria. However, oil dependence is negatively correlated with the healthcare expenditure. On the other hand, the oil exporter countries contribute less in the healthcare sectors. Child malnutrition is very common in such countries. Evaluation of the barriers in achieving INDC, which is stated by COP21 target in UK UK has developed a strategy to reduce the green house gas emission from their country, which is the main aim of INDC or Paris agreement. In order to maintain the temperature below 2,C UK government sets a target to lead the domestic emission to net zero. However, reduction of the consumption of the energy by controlling people behavior is a big barrier for the UK government (Eid et al. 2016). On the other hand, it is important for the UK government to meet the carbon budget in this country. For this purpose, decarbonization of the electricity is required. Zero emission from the vehicle and heating should be done. For this purpose, new policy needs to introduce by UK government, which may change the operation process of the industry. This may lead this country to face resistance from the investors. In order to reduce the zero emission of carbon in agricultural and aviation industry, UK government has developed strategy (Theccc.org.uk 2017). This may lead this country to face challenge s from such industries. For the net zero emission, such industries need to use renewable energy sources, which is costly. As a result, the barrier can occur from such industries as it may increase their operation cost. Conclusion The above piece of work reveals the management of energy resources and the major aim of INDC associated with COP21. However, according to the Paris agreement, the global temperate should be below 2C by 2020. However, for this purpose UK government has taken initiative to reduce the carbon emission from different industries. However, a major resistance can be occurred from such industries, as they need to change their operation process. 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